Photometric Stereo Linelight

The Photometric Stereo Linelight (PSL) is an illumination system for line scan cameras in which the light is emitted at an angle from the front surface (‘oblique beam’). The illumination has been specifically designed for the acquisition of raw images for the photometric stereo approach. The high intensity combined with FPGA-based processing enables large-area, gapless inspection of demanding surfaces at high transport speeds.

Optisches Konzept

Alternative suppliers usually combine standard LEDs with simple deflection foils to change the beam angle. This results in suboptimal contrasts as the beam direction is only slightly tilted and the ‘cones’ of light overlap unfavourably in the tilt plane due to the large aperture angle.

In contrast, each LED in the MST-PSL is tilted. The chosen arrangement allows lateral tilt angles of up to 60°, with 35° being a good compromise between LED packing density and image contrast. At the same time, the lateral opening angle of each LED is limited to ±10°. In addition, the light is focused in the transport direction by a rod lens, the position of which can be optimised for different working distances. The current system easily achieves an irradiance of 2 kW/m² at a working distance of 100 mm. Further optimisations, such as adapted cooling and ‘over-flashing’ of the LEDs, should enable outputs of up to 3 kW/m².

For the first product, the concept of a double illumination was chosen, where two directions of light share one heat sink. This simplifies mechanical integration with a fixed working distance and saves space, allowing the system to be accommodated in an installation space of less than 400 mm.

Technische Spezifikationen

Electrical
The internal LED driver theoretically supports power peaks well above 0.5 kW per metre per direction of light and frequencies well above 50 kHz, enabling line frequencies of over 200 kHz.
The MST-PSL requires no external controller and only a single signal and supply line. The only requirement is a standard frame grabber from Basler, the functionality of which has been extended by MSTVision. It takes over the synchronised control of camera and illuminations, as well as the calculation of photometric stereo images, without burdening the CPU.

Software interface
Software integration is very easy, as both parameterisation and image acquisition are performed via the same standard interface (GenTL) of the frame grabber.

Flexibility
If required, additional illumination configurations such as transmitted light or special wavelengths can be added using standard components. The maximum image capture data rate is determined only by the CoaXPress interface and the line scan camera used. The Photometric Stereo Linescan solution can process up to 3.6 GB/s.

Image of a pattern (3D print), curvature image, height map (from top to bottom)